{"id":850,"date":"2018-03-04T00:20:15","date_gmt":"2018-03-03T16:20:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/?p=850"},"modified":"2018-03-04T00:24:40","modified_gmt":"2018-03-03T16:24:40","slug":"%e5%9c%b0%e5%9b%be%e6%8a%95%e5%bd%b1%e9%ab%98%e6%96%af%e5%85%8b%e5%90%95%e6%a0%bc%e6%8a%95%e5%bd%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/?p=850","title":{"rendered":"\u5730\u56fe\u6295\u5f71:\u9ad8\u65af\u514b\u5415\u683c\u6295\u5f71"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5730\u56fe\u6295\u5f71\u662fGIS\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u8bf4\u5230\u9ad8\u65af\u514b\u5415\u683c\u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u540c\u5b66\u90fd\u8033\u719f\u80fd\u8be6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u5927\u4e2d\u57fa\u672c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\u5730\u5f62\u56fe\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u6295\u5f71\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u9ad8\u65af\u6295\u5f71\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u72af\u8ff7\u7cca\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u9ad8\u65af\u514b\u5415\u683c\u6295\u5f71\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u6574\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><span 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style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>3.\u9ad8\u65af\u76f4\u89d2\u5750\u6807\u7cfb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u7ecf\u5ea6\u5dee\u8d8a\u5927\u53d8\u5f62\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ad8\u65af\u6295\u5f71\u4f1a\u9650\u5236\u7ecf\u5ea6\u5dee\u7684\u503c\u3002\u6211\u56fd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7ecf\u5ea6\u5dee\u67093\u5ea6\u548c6\u5ea6\u4e24\u79cd\u3002\u6309\u7167\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u7ecf\u7ebf\uff0c\u9ad8\u65af\u6295\u5f71\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5ea6\u5e26\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-856\" src=\"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/2629_zylinderentwuerfe.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"454\" height=\"264\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4e0a\u56fe\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u5ea6\u5e26\u7684\u9ad8\u65af\u6295\u5f71\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u5265\u5f00\u7684\u6a58\u5b50\u76ae\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-857\" src=\"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/guass-krueger3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"113\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e2d\u592e\u7ecf\u7ebf\u4e3a\u7eb5\u8f74X,\u8d64\u9053\u4e3a\u6a2a\u8f74Y,\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u9ad8\u65af\u76f4\u89d2\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0d\u4e0e\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7684x,y\u8f74\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u63d0\u9ad8\u65af\u76f4\u63a5\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7684X,Y\u8f74\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ee5\u7eb5\/\u6a2a\u8f74\uff0c\u5317\u65b9\u5411\/\u4e1c\u65b9\u5411\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u65af\u5206\u5ea6\u5e26\u5747\u6709\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5efa\u7acb\u7edf\u4e00\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u5c06\u9ad8\u65af\u5206\u5e26\u5e26\u53f7\u653e\u5728\u6a2a\u8f74\u5de6\u8fb9\u524d\u9762\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u592e\u7ecf\u7ebf\u4ee5\u897f\u7684\u6a2a\u5750\u6807\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8d1f\u503c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u56fd\u5c06\u7eb5\u8f74\u4ece\u4e2d\u592e\u7ecf\u7ebf\u5411\u897f\u79fb\u52a8500\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6a2a\u5750\u6807\u90fd\u662f\u6b63\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u56fd\u9886\u571f\u8de8\u8d8a13~23\u517111\u4e2a3\u5ea6\u5e26\uff0c24~45\u517122\u4e2a3\u5ea6\u5e26\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6a2a\u5750\u6807\u4e3a\u51e0\u767e\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5ea6\u5e26\u53f7\u4e3a8\u4f4d\u6570\u5b57\uff08\u4e0d\u7b97\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\uff09\uff0c\u7eb5\u5750\u6807\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u51e0\u5343\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u4e3a7\u4f4d\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7ed9\u6709\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u5750\u6807\u4f4d\u6570\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6709\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u6ea2\u51fa\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e9b\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5750\u6807\u8fdb\u884c\u5e73\u79fb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>4.\u9ad8\u65af\u514b\u5415\u683c\u6295\u5f71\u5728\u6211\u56fd\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u56fd\u57fa\u672c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\u5730\u5f62\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u96641:1000 000\u91c7\u7528\u6b63\u8f74\u7b49\u89d2\u5272\u5706\u9525\u6295\u5f71\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c1:500 000,1:250 000,1:100 000,1:50 000,1:10 000\u5747\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u9ad8\u65af\u514b\u5415\u683c\u6295\u5f71\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c1:10 000\u6295\u5f71\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f3\u5ea6\u5206\u5e26\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u4e3a6\u5ea6\u5206\u5e26\u3002\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u66f4\u5927\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u75281.5\u5ea6\u5206\u5e26\u751a\u81f3\u4efb\u610f\u5206\u5e26\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9ad8\u65af\u514b\u5415\u683c\u6295\u5f71\u5728\u6211\u56fd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e00\u4e9b\u540c\u5b66\u4e00\u63d0\u5230\u5e73\u9762\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\uff0c\u5c31\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9ad8\u65af\u514b\u5415\u683c\u6295\u5f71\u4e0d\u53ef\u3002\u6211\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u6295\u5f71\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\uff0c\u5c31\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u7528\u9ad8\u65af\u514b\u5415\u683c\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7684\u7591\u95ee\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5730\u56fe\u6295\u5f71\u7684\u9009\u7528\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u4e1a\u52a1\u8981\u6c42\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u5927\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\u5730\u56fe\u5747\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u65af\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u822a\u6d77\u56fe\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u58a8\u5361\u6258\uff08\u6b63\u8f74\u7b49\u89d2\u5706\u67f1\u6295\u5f71\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u6295\u5f71\u540e\u7684\u7ecf\u7eac\u7ebf\u5747\u4e3a\u76f4\u7ebf\uff0c\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u4f4d\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>5.\u5b50\u5348\u6536\u655b\u89d2\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e09\u5317\u65b9\u5411<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u9ad8\u65af\u6295\u5f71\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u4e2d\u592e\u7ecf\u7ebf\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7ecf\u7ebf\u5747\u4e0d\u4e0e\u5750\u6807\u7eb5\u7ebf\u5e73\u884c\u3002\u6709\u4e2a\u540c\u5b66\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u4f4d\u89d2\u7b49\u9700\u8981\u201c\u6b63\u5317\u65b9\u5411\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\u7528\u5750\u6807\u7eb5\u8f74\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u7684\u201c\u6b63\u5317\u65b9\u5411\u201d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u8fc7\u6b64\u70b9\u7684\u7eac\u7ebf\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u6b63\u5317\u65b9\u5411\uff08\u79f0\u4e3a\u771f\u5317\u65b9\u5411\uff09\u4e0e\u5750\u6807\u5317\u65b9\u5411\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u5939\u89d2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u53eb\u505a\u5b50\u5348\u6536\u655b\u89d2\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-858\" src=\"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/\u4e09\u5317\u65b9\u5411.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"385\" height=\"684\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4e0a\u56fe\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u7684\u4e3a\u7ecf\u7eac\u7f51\uff0c\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u4e3a\u65b9\u91cc\u7f51\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u4e24\u5904\u6807\u8bc6\u4e86\u5750\u6807\u5317\uff08Grid North\uff09\u4e0e\u771f\u5317(True North)\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5b50\u5348\u6536\u655b\u89d2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5750\u6807\u5317\u4e0e\u771f\u5317\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5317\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bfc\u822a\u8bbe\u5907\u91c7\u7528\u78c1\u5317\u6307\u793a\u5317\u65b9\uff0c\u800c\u78c1\u5317\u4e0e\u771f\u5317\u76f8\u5f02\u3002\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u4e09\u5317\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-859\" src=\"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/tree_north_direction.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"203\" height=\"193\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>6.Web Mercator \u6295\u5f71<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Web Mercator \u6295\u5f71\u672c\u4e0e\u9ad8\u65af\u514b\u5415\u683c\u65e0\u8fd1\u4eb2\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6b63\u8f74\u201c\u7b49\u89d2\u201d\u5706\u67f1\u6295\u5f71\u3002\u4e0e\u201c\u58a8\u5361\u6258\u201d\u6295\u5f71\u662f\u540c\u5b97\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u987a\u4fbf\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u5982\u4eca\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5730\u56fe\u884c\u4e1a\u5927\u540d\u9f0e\u9f0e\uff0c\u81ea\u4ece\u8c37\u6b4c\u5730\u56fe\u91c7\u7528\u540e\u4fbf\u6210\u4e3a\u5728\u7ebf\u5730\u56fe\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e3a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5382\u5bb6\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u3002\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5176\u53c2\u8003\u692d\u7403\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u5706\u7403\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u58a8\u5361\u6258\u6295\u5f71\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u56e0\u800c\u5176\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8f7b\u5fae\u7684\u4e0d\u7b49\u89d2\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5e76\u975e\u4e25\u683c\u7b49\u89d2\u6295\u5f71\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5176\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u8ba1\u5212\u540e\u7eed\u5199\u5e16\u5b50\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7b80\u8a00\u4e00\u4e8c\uff0c\u4e0d\u505a\u8be6\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>7.\u53c2\u8003\u6750\u6599<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u80e1\u6bd3\u949c\uff0c\u9f9a\u5251\u6587. \u5730\u56fe\u6295\u5f71[M]. \u6d4b\u7ed8\u51fa\u7248\u793e, 1992.<\/li>\n<li>\u5b54\u7965\u5143. \u5927\u5730\u6d4b\u91cf\u5b66\u57fa\u7840[M]. \u6b66\u6c49\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e, 2010.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mercator_projection\">Mercator Projection<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Web_Mercator\">Web Mercator<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u6f58\u6b63\u98ce, \u6768\u6b63\u5c27. \u6570\u5b57\u6d4b\u56fe\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5[M]. \u6b66\u6c49\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e, 2002.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5730\u56fe\u6295\u5f71\u662fGIS\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u8bf4\u5230\u9ad8\u65af\u514b\u5415\u683c\u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u540c\u5b66\u90fd\u8033\u719f\u80fd\u8be6\uff0c\u56e0 &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/?p=850\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/850"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=850"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/850\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":860,"href":"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/850\/revisions\/860"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=850"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=850"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.whudj.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=850"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}